How can I mitigate summer pests in my yard without using harsh synthetic chemicals?
Summers in the District mean unwanted visits from pests–particularly mosquitoes–but smart gardening provides natural remedies. Forget reaching for synthetic chemicals and instead increase plant diversity, select insect-deterring flowers and herbs, adopt simple maintenance habits, and adhere to integrated pest management (IPM) to build a natural defense system in your own green space.
First, plant a diverse selection of native perennials that attract beneficial bugs and birds or deter pests. Enhancing biodiversity in your garden can make it less hospitable to pests, thanks to the birds and good bugs you’ve attracted. Achillea millefolium (yarrow) is a magnet for ladybugs and lacewings, both of which feast on soft-bodied pests, including aphids. Another option is Coreopsis verticillata, which attracts beneficial wasps that eat caterpillars and other garden troublemakers. Monarda fistulosa (wild bergamot) is a beautiful addition to any garden that also draws in helpful predatory wasps. Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower) and Rudbeckia hirta (black-eyed Susan) provide seeds that attract pest-eating birds to your garden. Lonicera sempervirens (coral honeysuckle) is loved by hummingbirds, which eat hundreds of bugs, including mosquitos, throughout a single day. Mosquito-hungry dragonflies are attracted to Asters, Asclepias incarnata (swamp milkweed), Eutrochium fistulosum (joe pye weed), and much more.
Second, select insect-repelling annual flowers and use companion planting for your vegetable and herb gardens. Calendula and marigolds repel various pests, including nematodes and certain flying insects. Nasturtiums act as a decoy for pests by luring aphids away from your precious plants. Basil and garlic can also deter some flying pests with their strong aroma. And finally, consider planting some dill which attracts beneficial wasps and ladybugs.
Third, adopt anti-pest habits. Water your plants deeply but less often, focusing on the base, and avoid overwatering and standing water, as it creates damp conditions that lead to fungal issues, a weakening of your plants and greater vulnerability to pests. Good air circulation is key, especially in our often-compact townhouse gardens. Prune your plants to avoid overcrowding and give them a little breathing room when you plant them. Maintaining a clean space and clean planters matters as well, ensuring no unsavory landscape debris can provide nesting grounds to pests. In contrast, however, bird and bat houses and insect hotels can bring pest-eating wildlife and beneficial insects to your yard, bolstering your natural defense against unwanted pests.
Finally, take the IPM approach. Get in the habit of regularly checking your plants by flipping over leaves and peeking at stems–catching small pest problems early is way easier than dealing with a full-scale invasion. You can also consider bringing in reinforcements by purchasing ladybug larvae or lacewing eggs for release in your garden. Steer clear of broad-spectrum pesticides, as they don’t discriminate and will wipe out the good bugs right along with the bad, mes the natural balance you’re trying to create.
Your garden can absolutely be a thriving, bug-managed oasis. By choosing the right plants and adopting these simple, natural strategies, you can create a little ecosystem where the good bugs thrive and the unwanted ones decide to look elsewhere for a snack. Embrace nature’s wisdom, and get ready to enjoy a summer in your garden that’s more about blooms and less about bug bites.
Gardening advice, information and commentary from the Capitol Hill Garden Club. Send your questions to [email protected].
Want to learn more about gardening or spend time with people who like plants? the Capitol Hill Garden Club, more information on the club website at capitolhillgardenclub.org.
